FARAH NASUHA BINTI MOHAMAD B041510116 EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF A BIOCOMPOSITE FOR THERMAL INSULATION CHAPTER 1 1
FARAH NASUHA BINTI MOHAMAD
B041510116
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF A BIOCOMPOSITE FOR THERMAL INSULATION
CHAPTER 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND STUDY
Thermal insulation materials assume a critical job in accomplishing a building’s vitality proficiency. As sustainable materials, natural materials have various preferences over different materials and consequently are almost encouraging for building. Because of that, there are so many investigation based on the application of natural fibers as the reinforced composites through the years.
Natural fibers have many advantages such as being gotten from renewable resource, they require a low vitality contributions to their manufacture. A significant advantage is that they can be effectively discarded toward the finish of their life cycle by treating the soil by recuperation of their calorific incentive in a furnace, which is not possible with glass fibers. Besides, they are the materials that are eco-accommodating ones and are low in typified vitality and carbon-negative materials.
Coconut fiber is one of the example of natural fiber that is used. The advantages of the coconut fiber are reinforcement for composites since they are low-density material. Coconut fiber also has low thermal conductivity. Besides, coconut fiber has high lignin substance and low cellulose content, so as came about of versatile, solid, and exceedingly sturdy materials attributes. This fiber also a light materials.The combination of coconut fiber and gypsum are such of suitable opinion for recycling the material and green building. Gypsum is the material used to replace cement and lime. This is because cement and lime containing high CO2 which is highly polluting. Gypsum produces less anhydrous carbon (CO2).
Based on the climate of Malaysia, these bio composite materials are strongly recommended. This is because Malaysia is a tropical weather which is not too hot but also not too cold. Humidity is a typical element, which can be obligation anticipated from its nearness to waters. Except for highland, the climate is all around respectively hot and extremely sultry especially in the city. Throughout the year, the temperature of Malaysia ranges from 24ºC to 33ºC on an average (Jabatan Meteorologi Malaysia). Especially in the city, there are many buildings are build and the temperature in the buildings are high since many of the buildings are using cement, lime, and non-fiber materials. So the solution is make a wall that containing low thermal conductivity that are made from natural fibers so that the building are more cold compared to the syntetic buildings.
The aim of this study was the development of a bio composite material used for thermal insulation in building with low thermal conductivity and density and analyse the mechanical performance of this composite.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
People are always ignored the advantages of plants which can transform to any functions such as farmers. Farmers just simply thrown the waste and burn it, which can cause harmful for people and environment. Farmers in numerous parts of the world set fire to developed fields to clear stubble, weeds and waste before sowing another product. While this training might be quick and prudent, it is exceedingly unsustainable, as it creates a lot of molecule toxin dark carbon and diminishes the fertility of soil. The dark carbon can cause pollution and sickness to human and environment especially people that have asthma and heart disease. Actually many farmers are already known about the effect of open burning but lack of the tools and knowledges to create something from the waste to overcome the problem. Beside the farmers there also some contractors and engineers that are still using cement and lime that contain high anhydrous carbon (CO2) which is high polluting to build the building and houses. Especially in the small town or city, there are many buildings are build and the temperature in the buildings are high since many of the buildings are using cement, lime, and non-fiber materials. This is not only because of lack of knowledges but because budgets.
This study will develop the board of a bio composite material contain fiber and gypsum which is used for thermal insulation in building with low thermal conductivity and density to make sure that all the waste from agriculture can be improved to something more useful and make sure that the environment and people stay healthy.
1.3 OBJECTIVES
There are several objectives that are very important to this study such as;
To develop of a bio composite board that is used for thermal insulation in building with low thermal conductivity and density.
To study and analyse the mechanical performances of this bio composite board.
SCOPE
There are scope of this study such as;
1.MaterialsMaterials used to develop the board, the composite samples were prepared with five different mass fraction of the coconut fiber which 0,1,2,3,4 and 5% of the coconut fibers that are mixed with gypsum powder and water
Analyse the mechanical performance such as?
Hardness test
Flexural strength
Rf=1.5Flbd² (MPa)
Where Rf? flexural strength (MPa)
b? weight of sample
d? thickness of the sample (m)
F? maximum load applied on flexural test (N)
Compressive strength
Rc=FcA (MPa)
Where Rc ? compressive strength (MPa)
Fc ? maximum load applied on the compressive test (N)
A ? cross-sectional area (m²)
Tensile test
?=FA (MPa)
where?? tensile strength of the board (MPa)
F? force from the machine (N)
A? cross-sectional area of the bio composite board (m²)
Thermal conductivity test
K=QLA?T (WmK)
WhereK? thermal conductivity of the board (WmK)
Q? heat transfer through the material (W)
A? area of the body (m²)
?T? difference in the temperature (K)
1.5 GENERAL METHODOLOGY
The composite samples will be prepared with different mass fractions of fibers and tested for the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity.
ANALYSIS
The table 1.5.1 below show the result of the experiment that need to conduct
sample Mass
fraction (%) Force
flexural
test (N) Force
compressive
(N) Force tensile
test (N) Heat transfer
(W)
A 0 B 1 C 2 D 3 E 4 F 5 TABLE 1.5.1
TESTINGS
Hardness test
Tensile test
Thermal conductivity test
EXPECTED RESULT
