BIOSTRATIGRAPHY The term Siwalik Hills as understood by huntsman
BIOSTRATIGRAPHY
The term Siwalik Hills as understood by huntsman (1868) comprise the sub-mountainous region on the Southern flakes of the mountain range, extending from the Indus River on the North to Brahmaputra on the South.Matthew (1929), sauce (1935) outline this term i.e. Siwalik Hills to the North-Western sides of Sub-Himalayas which incorporates the realm between Attock (Pakistan) and Shimla hills (India) still as Potwar tableland.
Pasco (1920) and Pilgrim (1919) have tried to clarify the history of deposition of the Siwalik deposit. Per these employees a good stream “Siwalik river” flowed northward into the remnants of the Tethys Ocean.
Pilgrim (1913) was the primary to analyze the Siwalik biostratigraphy. He divided the Siwalik into lower, middle, higher Siwalik. Lower Siwalik contains of Kamilial and Chinji, middle Siwalik comprises Dhokpathan and Nagri formation. Whereas higher Siwalik containsPinjor, Tatrot and Boulder conglomerates.
This study is predicated on the specimens collected from roll emir Khatoon, district Chakwal, Punjab, Pakistan. It’s enclosed within the middle Siwalik i.e. Nagri and Dhokpathan formation. Roll emir Khatoon is thirty three metric linear unit from Chakwal.
The Nagri outcrops exhibit cyclic alternation of sand stone with subordinate clay and conglomerates. The sand stone area unit grey, medium to course grained in some places dark-blue grey, dull red, chalky and is poorly cemented. Subordinate clay is sandy, silty, brown reddish grey or pale orange whereas conglomerates encompass pebbles of igneous rocks and Eocene sedimentary rock.
Dhokpathan formation is created by monotonous cyclic alternation of sand stone and clay, and stone white, dark-brown grey, light gray, sometimes dark-brown grey, Venetian red, brown or buff, light-green inexperienced, gray, thick bedded, chalky moderately cemented, soft; cross bedded; clay orange brown, dull red, sometimes rusty brown, yellow grey or chocolate, yellow. Minor intercalations of raw sienna silt stone. It’s Associate in Nursing extravagantly remains space. In line with pilgrim (1910) Dhokpathan is epoch in age.
