A REPORT ON MECHANICAL ESTIMATION PROCEDURES FOR BUILDING SYSTEMS WITH PROJECT EXPERIENCE BY Mohammad Raza Ali2015A4PS0208UMECH AT Al Tamimi Engineering Services LLC Dubai
A REPORT
ON
MECHANICAL ESTIMATION PROCEDURES FOR BUILDING SYSTEMS
WITH PROJECT EXPERIENCE
BY
Mohammad Raza Ali2015A4PS0208UMECH
AT
Al Tamimi Engineering Services LLC
Dubai, U.A.E
A Practice School – II Station of
227647515684500
BITS Pilani, Dubai Campus
Dubai International Academic City (DIAC)
Dubai, U.A.E
(AUGUST 2018 – JANUARY 2019)
A REPORT
ON
MECHANICAL ESTIMATION PROCEDURES FOR BUILDING SYSTEMS
WITH PROJECT EXPERIENCE
BY
Mohammad Raza Ali2015A4PS0208UMECH
Prepared in Partial Fulfillment of the
Practice School – II Course
AT
Al-Tamimi Engineering Services LLC
Dubai, U.A.E
A Practice School – II Station of
227647515684500
BITS Pilani, Dubai Campus
Dubai International Academic City (DIAC)
Dubai, U.A.E
(AUGUST 2018 – JANUARY 2019)
BITS Pilani, Dubai Campus
Dubai International Academic City (DIAC)
Dubai, U.A.E
Station: Al-Tamimi Engineering Services LLCLocation: Dubai
Duration: 02-Aug-2018 to 03-Jan-2019Date of Start: 06-Aug-2018
Date of Submission: XX-Oct-2018
Title of the Project: Mechanical estimation procedures for building systems with project experience
Student Name: Mohammad Raza Ali Student ID: 2015A4PS0208U
Discipline of Student: Mechanical Engineering
Name and Designation of Experts: Mr. M.Pradeep, HR/Admin Assistant
Mr. Pritto Tom, Assistant Estimation Engineer – Mechanical
Name of the Faculty: Dr. T.K. DuttaKey Words: HVAC, Building Management Systems, MEP, Fire Fighting, Plumbing, Drainage, Sanitation Systems, Gas Supply, Auto Cad, Mechanical Estimation, BOQ.
Project Areas: Estimation of Mechanical Systems of a Building & Pricing.
Abstract: Al-Tamimi Engineering Services LLC, is an Electro-Mechanical company that deals with MEP Contracting and fitting projects. The two main Areas of executing a project is, firstly performing an accurate estimation procedure of materials required, amount, quantity and pricing of materials and labor, which is then followed by designing and project execution phase. This report deals with the first halve of the process, explaining in detail about different techniques and methods used for estimation of the mechanical systems, selection and pricing of ducts, valves, pipes etc. Also, it throws a light on certain design aspects and how overall pricing is calculated.
Signature of the StudentSignature of PS Faculty
Date:02-Aug-2018 Date: 03-Jan-2019
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Firstly, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to Prof. R. N. Saha, Director BPDC who has given us an opportunity to apply and understand our engineering concepts in a practical atmosphere.
I am grateful to Mr. Pradeep, HR/Admin Assistant, for assisting me by providing the required information about the organization.
Also, I would like to thank Mr. Pritto Tom, Assistant Estimation Engineer – Mechanical, for helping and guiding me throughout our project.
I would also like to thank Prof. B. Muralidharan, Dean – Practice School & Placement Division, for giving us this opportunity to work and apply our knowledge in the technical field and gain firsthand experience.
My sincere gratitude to Dr. T.K.Dutta, our PS Faculty, for providing me with all the assistance required for successful completion of this report
Signature of the Student
Date: XX-Aug-2018
Contents
Abstract
Acknowledgement
Table of contents
List of Figures
List of tables
Chapter 1AN OVERVIEW OF AL-TAMIMI ENGINEERING SERVICES LLC
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE COMPANY1
1.2 SYSTEM MANAGEMENT……………………………………………………………….6
1.2.1 Proposed System Overview…………………………………………….6
1.2.1.1 HIS……………………………………………………………………………………7
1.2.1.2 Engineering Station……………………………………………………7
1.2.1.3 FCS……………………………………………………………………………………8
1.2.1.4 Exaopc………………………………………………………………………….10
1.2.1.4.1 Key features…………………………………………………………11
1.2.1.4.2 Typical Exaopc configuration………………………….12
1.2.1.4.3 Exaopc Features & Capacities…………………………..13
1.2.1.4.4 Exaopc Architecture………………………………………….14
1.2.1.5 Exaquantum…………………………………………………………………..15
1.2.1.5.1 Exaquantum-Archetecture………………………………..18
1.2.1.6 L2- Switch………………………………………………………………………19
1.2.1.7 Web Server…………………………………………………………………..20
1.2.1.7.1 objective…………………………………………………………………..21
1.2.1.7.2 VTSPortal System Architecture for Internet Deployment………………………………………………………………………….22
1.2.1.7.3 Functional Overview…………………………………………..23
1.2.1.7.4 VTSPortal Web Framework………………………………..24
1.2.1.7.5 User Security:………………………………………………………25
1.2.2 Network…………………………………………………………………………….27
1.2.2.1 Vnet/IP Network………………………………………………………….29
Chapter 3
3.1 Conclusions…………………………………………………………………………….111
3.2 Future Scope…………………………………………………………………………….111
References
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
Chapter 1 AN OVERVIEW OF AL-TAMIMI ENGINEERING SERVICES LLC
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE COMPANY-
Al-Tamimi Engineering Services LLC is an Electro-Mechanical company which was established in the year 1996. The main business interest of Al-Tamimi is concentrated in carrying out civil, electrical and mechanical projects.
Initially, Al-Tamimi General Maintenance was founded in 1996 in Dubai, under the sponsor Mr. Jamal Mohammad Ali Al Tamimi Bin Tamim who the Director of the Anti-Narcotics Department of Dubai Police.
200342518884900011055351153160Old Logo and Name
00Old Logo and Name
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803910137795Mr. Jamal Mohammad Ali Al Tamimi Bin Tamim, Chairman
00Mr. Jamal Mohammad Ali Al Tamimi Bin Tamim, Chairman
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9975852119630Mr. Sunil Kumar TKV, Group Managing Director
00Mr. Sunil Kumar TKV, Group Managing Director
Mr. Sunil Kumar TKV became the General Manager in the year of 1998 who established the installations division for various projects.
Under the Leadership of Mr. Jamal and Mr. Sunil the company was amended to Limited Liability Company (LLC) in the year 2001 and also was given a new name-
Al-Tamimi General Maintenance and Electrical Works LLC
Certifications/Integrations:
ISO 9001-2000 was awarded to the company in 2003 by JAS-ANZ for Quality Management.
Redcube Systems LLC an IT company was incorporated also in 2003.
In the year 2009 onwards the company came to be known as-
Al-Tamimi Engineering Services LLC
In January 2010, Al-Tamimi and Redcube both got upgraded to ISO 9001-2008 accreditation by BUREAU VERITAS.
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1.2 FIELDS OF ACTIVITY
Following are the services provided by Al-Tamimi:
Electrical Installations- Installations of electrical lighting systems, power distribution systems, Central Emergency System, CCTVS, Building management systems etc.
Plumbing, Drainage & Sanitation systems installations- Hot and cold water supply systems, water filtration systems, soil and waste disposal, rain water drainage etc.
HVAC installations- Central AC installations, FCU and AHU installations, supply and installations of CCU’s, heat exchangers, ducting, power stations etc.
Mechanical Installations
AMC ; Facilities Management
1.3 ORGANISATION STRUCTURE
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1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE COMPANY
1.4.1 MISSION
“To be the most reliable and leading MEP engineers and Contractors”
1.4.2 Vision
Build installations beyond standards, by pursuing excellence through Continuous learning, Adapting innovative technologies, considering wellbeing of personnel involved, conserving the environment and performing ethical business practices.
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Chapter 2 DIFFERENT MECHANICAL SYSTEMS OF A BUILDING
INTRODUCTION TO THE VARIOUS SYSTEMS
The HVAC, Fire Fighting, Plumbing and Drainage are the 3 main mechanical systems involved in a building.
2.1 HVAC SYSTEM
HVAC stands for Heating, Ventilations and Air Conditioning. It is one of the most important building systems across the entire world. The HVAC system is responsible for maintaining the productivity, health and comfort of the building occupants.
Without HVAC systems fresh air supply and contaminant or exhaust air extraction wouldn’t be possible. Which risks in causing more illness among building occupants and thus overall decreasing the productivity of the people residing?
HVAC systems are very important for the comfort of human beings. Without them the places could become uncomfortably hot, cold or humid.
The HVAC field is a very vast field, packed with different kinds of equipment, machines, ducts, pipes etc. Which we will explore!
2.1.1 HVAC AC units
Several types of AC units exist such as The Split which is very common in residential buildings and are often informally referred as the “Central AC” systems. Other types, such as the Packaged AC units, Ductless Split units and Cassette Units are also very common and there usage depends on the area, size and requirements of the targeted space.
The Split System and its working – The ‘split’ in the name basically means the AC system requires its components to be split in to two zones; called the ‘Outdoor’ and the ‘Indoor’. This means that the compressor and condenser is located at the outdoor away from the rooms, placed at roofs this is done to reduce the noise generating by the compressors during operation.
The remaining half which is the expansion valve and the evaporator is placed indoors in the refrigerated space.
As we all know how a basic Refrigeration cycle works, a compressor compresses the refrigerant and passes on to the condenser where it loses its heat and then this cooled refrigerant flows through the expansion valve, where it expands and absorbs the heat from the refrigerating space and cools the area down. The cycle repeats and this is how refrigeration is performed in the simplest manner.
Now we may all wonder how a Split system supplies the air to different rooms in a building.
This is where ducting comes to play. These ducts travel from the evaporator and branch out to different zones across the building and supply air.
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372979192873A split system with Outdoor and an FCU and ducts as an Indoor
A split system with Outdoor and an FCU and ducts as an Indoor
Packaged AC units- An easy example of a packaged AC units are the window AC’s or Package type. These units are termed ‘packaged’ because they do not require an indoor and outdoor. The entire system is inside a casing and packed. They have higher energy consumption than overall split systems.
They have good cooling capacities but are little noisy since the compressor is located within them, but this is the case only for window AC’s. They are used in smaller spaces where the construction is already being completed.
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1804745992495The first picture is a common Window AC and the second picture shows a Package Type
0The first picture is a common Window AC and the second picture shows a Package Type
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Ductless Splits- These units are exactly like splits but they don’t use ducting instead the cooling unit and blower is placed a long casing.
They are beneficial if the building doesn’t have existing ducting. Also, they have high filtration and very low energy consumptions and they are compact and have very less noise. They also have individual control.
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2.1.2 THE TWO MAIN COOLING SYSTEMS
(A) VRF SYSTEM- Variable Refrigerant Flow systems are one of the most sophisticated and modern systems used in the HVAC industry. They are refrigerant only systems when compared to the conventional chilled-water systems. The refrigerant is circulated throughout.
The main reason why VRF systems are getting more and more popular is because of their lower over energy consumption. They are equipped with smart inverters and variable speed drives, which monitor, observe and control the cooling and heating accordingly and thus lower power consumption.
The VRF system is also known as the “Big Brother” of the Ductless Splits, as they offer more individuality and can be placed in separate rooms providing more control over the cooling/heating process. Another very important feature of the VRF system is that it can be looped with multiple Air Handlers and FCU’s across different areas.
The area where the VRF system lacks is the Price. These systems, even though they are efficient overall, have a very high initial setup cost. Added to that is the complex and modern design which makes maintenance and service expensive and difficult.
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520442753340Ducted VRF
Ducted VRF
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5180965194310Ductless VRF
Ductless VRF
(B) Chilled-Water System- This system is the most conventional system in the HVAC industry and has been around years and still is being continuously used. Due to its very low setup cost and extremely high efficiency “Only for Large Projects”, is been used for installation in large residential buildings, hypermarkets, warehouses etc. Another very important factor about the chiller system is there is no risk of refrigerant being supplied over the roofs which is hazardous to the health and environment.
It has two parts, the chiller and the cooling tower. Both of these devices are simple Heat exchangers. The chiller compresses vapor and supplies it to the cooling tower which condenses this vapor and rejects heat thus chilling the water and condensing it to approx. 7 degree Celsius. This chilled water flows down back to the chiller and is pumped through the building chilled water pipes and transported to the AHU’s and FCU’s.
The problem with this system is that there is very less control of the temperature for individual zones and also zones that do not require heating or cooling are still being cooled or heated, which leads to energy wastage.
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2.1.3 Air Handlers/ Coil Units
Air handlers are mainly of two types, The AHU’s and the FCU’s, which stand for (Air Handling Unit) and (Fan Coil Unit).
Both are very important and both are installed together in a building. The AHU is connected to the main central part of the HVAC system and the FCU is connected towards the end of a refg. Or a chilled water pipeline for individual zones or rooms.
The AHU is responsible for ventilation and brings in fresh air inside the building, as there is a limit of recirculating the air inside the building. If fresh air is not introduced than the same contaminant air will be re-circulated again and again.
The FCU however is like an AC unit. As the name suggests, it has a fan and a coil. The cool refrigerant or chilled water is passed into the coils and the fan blows the cooled air into the space.
-10818733409181FCU
FCU
2937711031441AHU
AHU
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2.1.4 Supply and Control HVAC equipment
Ducts- Ducts are passageways or paths for air to flow across the building into different regions. They are of several shapes and sizes and are usually made up of Galvanized Steel or Aluminum.
VCD- a Volume Control Damper is used to regulate and control the amount of air flowing in to certain ducts or zones in a HVAC system. They can be manually operated or can be motorized as well.
Fire Dampers- FD’s are dampening devices which have a thermal fuse in them. They are very important in HVAC systems, in case of a fire in the AHU or ducts or in a zone, they get activated by a thermal fuse and thus close that certain area shut in order to avoid the fire spreading.
Diffusers- They are the Circular or Rectangular vents we see installed in a central AC building. They are responsible for allowing air to diffuse into the rooms through the ducts, and the also allow exhaust air or return air to escape the room as well. They are of various shapes and sizes.
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2.1 THE FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM
The firefighting system is undoubtly the most important in any building.
It’s constructed to protect the human life and all the property.
It’s divided into three main parts:
The storage system: This system stores large amounts of water in tanks.
Specialized Pump System Set
The Network or Distribution system: This part contains a large network of pipes leading to hydrants, sprinklers and hoses for distribution of water.
A vertical pipeline with one more outlets connected to hoses nearby is called the Hydrant.
In an event of a fire, the fireman connects hoses to these hydrants and extinguishes fire.
These hydrants provide water at very high pressures. When the water begins to flow, a pressure drop is registered as a signal which activates the pumps in the pump room to provide water at high pressure.
Sprinklers are very small nozzles. Sprinklers have a small bulb which has a thermal fuse that melts in an event of a fire. This provides the pathway to be cleared and water flows through the tanks into pipelines and through these sprinklers and help in extinguishing fire.
Sprinklers are automated systems and get activated on their own without need of human interventions.
The pump set system is a very elaborate system and consists equipment which is interconnected. Fire pumps are always placed in the pump room of the building and are placed below the height of water tanks so that water can flow by gravity. Accompanied with the main pumps are the backup pumps and the Jockey pumps. The main pump is usually electric followed by an electric backup. The 3rd backup is diesel powered.
A jockey pump regulates pressure in the pump system.
Along with these specialized systems the fire system is also accompanied with fire extinguishers and fire blankets.
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